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Electrical Resistivity Tomography
Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) is an advanced geophysical method used to characterize subsurface conditions by mapping the spatial distribution of electrical resistivity. The technique involves introducing a controlled electrical current into the ground through a set of electrodes, while measuring the resulting potential differences across other electrodes. Variations in resistivity are associated with changes in lithology, porosity, fluid content, and geological structures. The acquired data are processed through inversion algorithms to produce detailed 2D or 3D resistivity models of the subsurface, making ERT highly effective for applications such as groundwater exploration, mineral investigation, environmental studies, and engineering site characterization.
Data Acquisition
The acquisition of resistivity data involves the injection of current into the ground via a pair of electrodes and then the resulting potential field is measured by a corresponding pair of potential electrodes. The field set-up requires the deployment of an array of regularly spaced electrodes, which are connected to a central control unit via multi-core cables. Resistivity data are then recorded via complex combinations of current and potential electrode pairs to build up a pseudo cross-section of apparent resistivity beneath the survey line. The depth of investigation depends on the electrode separation and geometry, with greater electrode separations yielding bulk resistivity measurements from greater depths.
